模具钢是用来制造冷冲模、热锻模、压铸模等模具的钢种。模具的质量直接影响着压力加工工艺的质量、产品的精度产量和生产成本，那么对高温下工作模具钢材料的性能要求是怎样的？

Die steel is a kind of steel used to manufacture cold stamping dies, hot forging dies, die-casting dies and other dies. The quality of the die directly affects the quality of the pressure processing process, the accuracy and output of the product and the production cost. What are the performance requirements of the steel material of the working die at high temperature?

具有良好的耐热性

Good heat resistance

耐热性是指模具钢金属材料在高温下抵抗介质腐蚀与机械负荷同时作用的能力高温下工作就木易发生破坏，它包括热稳定性和热强性两个方面。

Heat resistance refers to the ability of die steel metal materials to resist the simultaneous action of medium corrosion and mechanical load at high temperature. Wood is easy to be damaged when working at high temperature, which includes thermal stability and thermal strength.

强度与韧性

Strength and toughness

零件在成形使模具承受着巨大的的冲击、扭曲等负荷，尤其是现代高速冲压、高速精密锻造和液态成形等技术以及一次成形技术的发展，模具承受着更大的负荷，往往由于钢材的强度和韧度不够，造成型腔边缘或局部塌陷、崩刃或断裂而早期失效，因此模具热处理后应具有较高的硬度和韧度。

The forming of parts makes the die bear huge loads such as impact and distortion, especially with the development of modern high-speed stamping, high-speed precision forging, liquid forming and other technologies, as well as one-time forming technology, the die bears a greater load. Often due to the insufficient strength and toughness of steel, the edge of the cavity or local collapse, edge collapse or fracture and early failure, so the die should have higher hardness and toughness after heat treatment.

热稳定性

thermal stability

热稳定性是指金属材料在高温下抵抗氧化和燃气腐蚀的能力。金属在高温下常见的腐蚀破坏是气体腐蚀，其中以氧化为常见，故热稳定性通常是指金属抵抗氧化的能力。热稳定性高的材料，在高温下使用时就不易产生剧烈的氧化而导致损坏。

Thermal stability refers to the ability of metal materials to resist oxidation and gas corrosion at high temperatures. The common corrosion damage of metals at high temperature is gas corrosion, in which oxidation is common, so thermal stability usually refers to the ability of metals to resist oxidation. Materials with high thermal stability are not easy to cause severe oxidation and damage when used at high temperatures.

热强性

Thermal strength

热强性是指金属材料在高温下抵抗塑性变形和破坏的能力，亦称金属高温强度或称热强度。试验表明，随着温度升高，金属材料一般是强度降低而塑性增加(见图61)。例如30CrMnSlA钢，常温强度ob＝1100MPa，在550度时，ob只有550MPa。

Thermal strength refers to the ability of metal materials to resist plastic deformation and destruction at high temperature, which is also called high temperature strength or thermal strength of metals. The test shows that with the increase of temperature, the strength of metal materials generally decreases and the plasticity increases (see Figure 61). For example, for 30crmnsla steel, the normal temperature strength ob = 1100mpa, and at 550 ℃, ob is only 550MPa.

另外，济南模具钢厂家认为在高温下，随着加载时间的延长，金属的强度还要进一步下降。因此，金属材料在高温下的力学性能，除了考虑载荷因素外，还要考虑温度和时间因素的影响，从而建立高温强度指标。常用的高温强度指标有高温瞬时强度、蠕变强度(也称蠕变极限)和持久强度(也称长期强度)等。

In addition, Jinan die steel manufacturers believe that the strength of metal will further decline with the extension of loading time at high temperature. Therefore, the mechanical properties of metal materials at high temperature, in addition to the load factor, should also consider the influence of temperature and time factors, so as to establish the high temperature strength index. Commonly used high-temperature strength indicators include high-temperature instantaneous strength, creep strength (also known as creep limit) and rupture strength (also known as long-term strength).

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