目前在汽车设计中，高强度钢板的大量使用使得冷作模具钢在高强度钢板冲切和弯曲工艺中的应用大量增加。下面我们就来简单了解下冷作模具钢在高强度钢板冲切中的应用是怎样的吧。

At present, in automobile design, the extensive use of high-strength steel plates has greatly increased the application of cold working die steel in the punching and bending process of high-strength steel plates. Now let's briefly understand the application of lower cold working die steel in punching high-strength steel plate.

高强度钢板的使用对于环境保护大有裨益。一方面，使用高强度钢板可以降低汽车的重量，所以减少了原材料的使用，降低了能耗。同时认为要降低二氧化碳的排放水平，其中一种可行的方法就是降低汽车自重，当然，对于汽车性的业要求在车身的关键部位采用高强度部件。高强度钢板的使用增加了冲压件的强度，从而获得相同的强度使用的钢板就会更少。

The use of high-strength steel plates is of great benefit to environmental protection. On the one hand, the use of high-strength steel plates can reduce the weight of cars, so the use of raw materials and energy consumption are reduced. At the same time, it is considered that one of the feasible ways to reduce the level of carbon dioxide emission is to reduce the self weight of the car. Of course, for the safety of the car, the industry requires the use of high-strength components in the key parts of the car body. The use of high-strength steel plates increases the strength of stamping parts, so that less steel plates will be used to obtain the same strength.

高强度钢板的成形需要更高的冲切和工作力。因而，要求冷作模具钢的硬度更高、韧性更好。高强度钢板目前的性能特点和将来的发展要求研究更高性能的模具材料以满足高强度钢板的加工要求。

The forming of high-strength steel plate requires higher punching and working force. Therefore, cold working die steel is required to have higher hardness and better toughness. The current performance characteristics and future development of high-strength steel plate require the research of higher performance die materials to meet the processing requirements of high-strength steel plate.

通常来讲，冷作模具钢需要高硬度，因为高硬度可以防止模具的塑性变形或者严重的磨损。高硬度要求冷作模具钢要求有比热作和塑料模具钢更高的碳含量。因为碳是获得高硬度的主要元素，但是材料的韧性却会下降。

Generally speaking, cold working die steel needs high hardness, because high hardness can prevent plastic deformation or serious wear of the die. High hardness requires that cold working die steel has higher carbon content than hot working and plastic die steel. Because carbon is the main element to obtain high hardness, but the toughness of materials will decline.

冷作模具钢需要好的抗磨损性能、高的抗压强度、和足够的韧性及延展性。高的耐磨性可以增加模具的寿命减少维护引起的停机；高的抗压强度可以防止模具发生塑性变形；足够的韧性及延展性防止材料的早期开裂和崩刃。

Cold working die steel needs good wear resistance, high compressive strength, and sufficient toughness and ductility. High wear resistance can increase the service life of the die and reduce the downtime caused by maintenance; High compressive strength can prevent plastic deformation of the mold; Sufficient toughness and ductility to prevent early cracking and edge collapse of the material.

高的耐磨性不仅需要高的碳含量同时，应包含硬的碳化物。这些碳化物是碳和碳化物形成元素如铬、钒、钼、钨等的化合物。通常，碳化物越硬，数量越多，尺寸越大耐磨性越好。

High wear resistance requires not only high carbon content, but also hard carbides. These carbides are compounds of carbon and carbide forming elements such as chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, etc. Generally, the harder the carbide is, the more the quantity is, and the larger the size is, the better the wear resistance is.

但是高硬度使得材料缺口效应更敏感。大的碳化物通常是疲劳裂纹的起源点。大多数的模具失效是由于疲劳开裂。疲劳裂纹通常在有缺口效应的地方起源，这些地方的应力集中比较强。一般，材料的高硬度使得疲劳裂纹的扩展非常迅速，也就是材料的整体开裂非常的快。

However, high hardness makes the material more sensitive to notch effect. Large carbides are usually the origin of fatigue cracks. Most die failures are due to fatigue cracking. Fatigue cracks usually originate in places with notch effect, where the stress concentration is relatively strong. Generally, the high hardness of the material makes the fatigue crack propagation very fast, that is, the overall crack of the material is very fast.

对于冷冲模具必须尽量减少引起裂纹起源的缺陷。裂纹起源的缺陷不仅包括碳化物还包括大的夹杂和模具表面的缺陷或尖角加之材料高硬度使得裂纹易于扩展。因此，冶金工艺的纯净度和模具表面的光洁度对于模具的寿命有重要影响。

For cold stamping dies, defects that cause crack origin must be minimized. The defects of crack origin include not only carbides, but also large inclusions and defects or sharp corners on the die surface. In addition, the high hardness of the material makes the crack easy to expand. Therefore, the purity of metallurgical process and the surface finish of the mold have an important impact on the life of the mold.

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