模具钢作为一种常见的工业制造工具，其类型繁多，作用和适用性各不相同，这导致很多企业在选择模具钢材的时候往往会陷入误区，导致企业的生产制造效率产生影响。那么，今天山东模具钢小编就给大家整理一份关于模具钢选择的三大标准介绍，一起来看看吧。

As a common industrial manufacturing tool, die steel has many types, different functions and applicability, which leads to many enterprises often fall into misunderstanding when choosing die steel, which affects the production efficiency of enterprises. So, today, Shandong die steel editor will give you a brief introduction of the three standards for die steel selection. Let's have a look.

如何选择模具钢选择模具钢的三个重要性能指标。

How to select die steel? Three important performance indexes of die steel are selected.

1、硬度和红硬性（热稳定性）

1. Hardness and red hardness (thermal stability)

模具钢的重要性能指标，模具在工作中应能在压应力的作用下，保持其形状和尺寸不会迅速发生变化，因此，经过热处理后的棋具应具有足够高的硬度，如冷作模具一般硬度在HRC60以上，而热作模具硬度可适当降低，一般在HRC42?50范围内。

As an important performance index of die steel, the die should be able to keep its shape and size from changing rapidly under the action of compressive stress. Therefore, the chess pieces after heat treatment should have enough high hardness. For example, the hardness of cold working die is generally above HRC60, while the hardness of hot working die can be reduced appropriately, generally within the range of hrc42? 50.

红硬性是指模具在受热或高溫工作条件下，能够保持组织和性能稳定，具有抗软化的能力，在500?600℃条件下，仍保持足够高的硬度。钢的红硬性主要决定于钢的化学成分和热处理制度，它是热作模具钢的重要性能指标之一。

Red hardness refers to that the mold can maintain stable structure and properties under the working conditions of heating or high temperature, has the ability of anti softening, and still maintains high enough hardness at 500? 600 ℃. The red hardness of steel mainly depends on its chemical composition and heat treatment system, which is one of the important performance indexes of hot work die steel.

2.耐磨性

2. Wear resistance

模具在工作中承受相当大的压应力和摩擦力，要求模具在这条件下仍能保持其尺寸及形状不变，持久耐用。模具在工作时主要是遭受滑动摩擦，其摩擦情况很复杂，模具的耐磨性不仅取决于钢的成分、组织和性能，而且与工作温度、载荷（压力）状态，润滑介质等有较大的关系。提高钢的硬度，有利于提高钢的耐磨性，但到了一定硬度值之后，再提高硬度对提高耐磨性所起的作用就不显著了。

The die bears considerable compressive stress and friction in the work, so it is required that the die can keep its size and shape unchanged and durable under this condition. The wear resistance of the die depends not only on the composition, microstructure and properties of the steel, but also on the working temperature, load (pressure) state and lubricating medium. Increasing the hardness of the steel is beneficial to improve the wear resistance of the steel, but after a certain hardness value, the effect of increasing the hardness on improving the wear resistance is not significant.

3.强度和韧性

3. Strength and toughness

模具在工作中承受大负荷以及冲击、震动、扭转和弯曲等复杂应力。重负荷的模具往往由于强度不够，韧性不足，造成模具边缘或局部断裂而提前损坏

The die bears heavy load and complex stress such as impact, vibration, torsion and bending. The heavy-duty die is often damaged in advance due to the insufficient strength and toughness, resulting in the edge or local fracture of the die

因此，使模具钢保持足够的强度和韧性：有利于延长模具寿命。但是，钢的晶粒度和钢中碳化物的数量、大小及分布情况以及残余奥氏体量等，均对钢的强度和轫性有很大的影响。

Therefore, to keep enough strength and toughness of die steel is beneficial to prolong die life. However, the grain size of steel, the amount, size and distribution of carbides in steel and the amount of retained austenite have great influence on the strength and bremsstrahlung of steel.

例如，随着钢中晶粒的长大和碳化物分布不均匀度增加，钢的强度下降.而对韧性的影响则更为明显。实践表明，根据使用条件和性能要求，合理的选择模具钢的化学成分、组织状态及热处理工艺，能够得到足够高的强度和韧性配合。

For example, the strength of the steel decreases with the growth of the grains and the increase of the inhomogeneity of the carbide distribution, but the effect on the toughness is more obvious. Practice shows that according to the use conditions and performance requirements, reasonable selection of chemical composition, microstructure and heat treatment process of die steel can get enough high strength and toughness.