模具热处理实际上是指模具零件的热处理。冷作模具种类较多，主要有冷冲裁模、冷镦模、冷挤压模具、冷拉深拉丝模等，由于形状结构差异性较大，工作条件和性能要求不一，除了要选用合适的材料外，还应选择热处理工艺，用以满足模具服役性能要求，提高模具的使用寿命。
The heat treatment of die is actually the heat treatment of die parts. There are many kinds of cold working dies, including cold blanking die, cold upsetting die, cold extrusion die, cold drawing die, etc. due to the great difference in shape and structure, different working conditions and performance requirements, in addition to selecting appropriate materials, heat treatment process should be selected to meet the service performance requirements of the die and improve the service life of the die.
一、冷作模具钢基本热处理工艺
1、 Basic heat treatment process of cold working die steel
一般要求具有高的耐磨性、一定的硬度和硬化层深度，足够的强度和韧性。因此冷作模具的基本热处理工艺如下
Generally, it is required to have high wear resistance, certain hardness and depth of hardened layer, sufficient strength and toughness. Therefore, the basic heat treatment process of cold working die is as follows
1．预备热处理
1. Preparation heat treatment
冷作模具钢在锻后必须进行球退火，以锻坯的锻造应力，改善组织和降低硬度，以便机械加工并为热处理作发组织准备。
In order to eliminate the forging stress, improve the microstructure and reduce the hardness of cold working die steel after forging, it is necessary to carry out ball annealing for machining and preparing for heat treatment.
2．高温回火或去应力退火
2. High temperature tempering or stress relief annealing
为机械加工中产生的应力，减少热处理变形，常在机械加工之后安排去应力退火或调质处理。为使线切割后应及时进行再回火，回火温度不应高于淬火后的回火温度，在高温回火时为防止模具氧化脱碳，应采用保护气氛或防氧化脱碳措施。
In order to eliminate the stress produced in machining and reduce the deformation of heat treatment, stress relief annealing or quenching and tempering treatment are often arranged after machining. In order to re temper after wire cutting, the tempering temperature should not be higher than the tempering temperature after quenching. In order to prevent the die from oxidative decarburization during high temperature tempering, protective atmosphere or anti oxidative decarburization measures should be adopted.
3．冷作模具的淬火
3. Quenching of cold working die
淬火是冷作模具热处理中的重要操作，它对模具的使用性能影响极大，应特别给予重视。
Quenching is an important operation in the heat treatment of cold working die, which has great influence on the performance of the die and should be paid special attention to.
4．冷作模具的强韧化处理工艺
4. Strengthening and toughening process of cold working die
冷作模具低淬低回、高淬高回、等温淬火等是提高模具强韧性的重要方法，要根据模具尾部进行，以提高模具的使用寿命。
Low quenching and low return, high quenching and high return, isothermal quenching and so on are important methods to improve the strength and toughness of cold working die, which should be carried out according to the die tail to improve the service life of the die.
5．模具的回火
5. Tempering of mould
模具在淬火或电火花加工后应及时进行回火，回火温度根据模具的硬度要求来选择，但要注意避开回火脆性的温度范围。
The die should be tempered in time after quenching or EDM. The tempering temperature should be selected according to the hardness requirements of the die, but the temperature range of temper brittleness should be avoided.
回火保温时间应根据模具材料、模具形状和大小确定。
The tempering holding time should be determined according to the mold material, mold shape and size.
高合金钢则应采取二次或多次回火，在进行多次回火时应注意前一次回火须冷到室温后再进行后一次回火。
High alloy steel should be tempered twice or several times. When tempering for many times, it should be noted that the first tempering should be cooled to room temperature and then tempered again.
The heat treatment of die is actually the heat treatment of die parts. There are many kinds of cold working dies, including cold blanking die, cold upsetting die, cold extrusion die, cold drawing die, etc. due to the great difference in shape and structure, different working conditions and performance requirements, in addition to selecting appropriate materials, heat treatment process should be selected to meet the service performance requirements of the die and improve the service life of the die.
一、冷作模具钢基本热处理工艺
1、 Basic heat treatment process of cold working die steel
一般要求具有高的耐磨性、一定的硬度和硬化层深度，足够的强度和韧性。因此冷作模具的基本热处理工艺如下
Generally, it is required to have high wear resistance, certain hardness and depth of hardened layer, sufficient strength and toughness. Therefore, the basic heat treatment process of cold working die is as follows
1．预备热处理
1. Preparation heat treatment
冷作模具钢在锻后必须进行球退火，以锻坯的锻造应力，改善组织和降低硬度，以便机械加工并为热处理作发组织准备。
In order to eliminate the forging stress, improve the microstructure and reduce the hardness of cold working die steel after forging, it is necessary to carry out ball annealing for machining and preparing for heat treatment.
2．高温回火或去应力退火
2. High temperature tempering or stress relief annealing
为机械加工中产生的应力，减少热处理变形，常在机械加工之后安排去应力退火或调质处理。为使线切割后应及时进行再回火，回火温度不应高于淬火后的回火温度，在高温回火时为防止模具氧化脱碳，应采用保护气氛或防氧化脱碳措施。
In order to eliminate the stress produced in machining and reduce the deformation of heat treatment, stress relief annealing or quenching and tempering treatment are often arranged after machining. In order to re temper after wire cutting, the tempering temperature should not be higher than the tempering temperature after quenching. In order to prevent the die from oxidative decarburization during high temperature tempering, protective atmosphere or anti oxidative decarburization measures should be adopted.
3．冷作模具的淬火
3. Quenching of cold working die
淬火是冷作模具热处理中的重要操作，它对模具的使用性能影响极大，应特别给予重视。
Quenching is an important operation in the heat treatment of cold working die, which has great influence on the performance of the die and should be paid special attention to.
4．冷作模具的强韧化处理工艺
4. Strengthening and toughening process of cold working die
冷作模具低淬低回、高淬高回、等温淬火等是提高模具强韧性的重要方法，要根据模具尾部进行，以提高模具的使用寿命。
Low quenching and low return, high quenching and high return, isothermal quenching and so on are important methods to improve the strength and toughness of cold working die, which should be carried out according to the die tail to improve the service life of the die.
5．模具的回火
5. Tempering of mould
模具在淬火或电火花加工后应及时进行回火，回火温度根据模具的硬度要求来选择，但要注意避开回火脆性的温度范围。
The die should be tempered in time after quenching or EDM. The tempering temperature should be selected according to the hardness requirements of the die, but the temperature range of temper brittleness should be avoided.
回火保温时间应根据模具材料、模具形状和大小确定。
The tempering holding time should be determined according to the mold material, mold shape and size.
高合金钢则应采取二次或多次回火，在进行多次回火时应注意前一次回火须冷到室温后再进行后一次回火。
High alloy steel should be tempered twice or several times. When tempering for many times, it should be noted that the first tempering should be cooled to room temperature and then tempered again.
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