(1) Steel for hammer forging die. Generally speaking, there are two prominent problems in the steel for hammer forging die. One is that it is subjected to impact load during working, so it has higher requirements on the mechanical properties of the steel, especially on the plastic deformation resistance and toughness; the other is that the cross-section size of hammer forging die is larger (< 400mm), so it has higher requirements on the hardenability of the steel, so as to ensure the uniform structure and performance of the whole die.

常用锤锻楼用钢有5CrNiMo、5CrMnMo、5CrNiW、5CrNiTi及5CrMnMoSiV等。不同类型的锤眼模应选用不同的材料。对特大型或大型的锤锻模以5CrNiMo为好.也可采用5CrNiTi、5CrNiW或5CrMnMoSi等。对中小型的锤锻模通常选用5CrMnMO钢。

5CrNiMo, 5CrMnMo, 5crniw, 5crniti and 5crmnmosiv are commonly used for hammer forging. Different materials should be selected for different types of hammer eye dies. 5CrNiMo is better for extra large or large hammer forging die. 5crniti, 5crniw or 5crmnmosi can also be used. 5CrMnMo steel is usually used for medium and small hammer forging dies.

(2)热挤压模用钢，热挤压模的工作特点是加载速度较慢，因此，模腔受热温度较高，通常可达500一800℃。对这类钢的使用性能要求应以高的高温强度(即高的回火稳定性)和高的耐热疲劳性能为主。对ak及淬透性的要求可适当放低。一般的热挤压模尺寸较小，常小于70~90 mm .

(2) The hot extrusion die is made of steel. The working characteristic of the hot extrusion die is that the loading speed is slow. Therefore, the heating temperature of the die cavity is high, usually up to 500-800 ℃. High high temperature strength (i.e. high tempering stability) and high thermal fatigue resistance are the main requirements for the service performance of this kind of steel. The requirements of AK and hardenability can be lowered appropriately. General hot extrusion die size is small, often less than 70 ~ 90 mm

常用的热挤压模有4CrW2Si、3Cr2W8V及5%Cr型等热作模具钢.其中4CrW2Si.既可做冷作模具钢，又可做热作模具钢.由于用途不同，可采用不同热处理方法。作冷模时采用较低的淬火温度(870—900℃)及低温或中温回火处理；作热模时则采用较高的淬火温度(一般为950一1000℃)及高温回火处理。

The commonly used hot extrusion dies are 4crw2si, 3Cr2W8V and 5% Cr type hot working die steels. 4crw2si can be used as both cold working die steel and hot working die steel. Due to different uses, different heat treatment methods can be used. Low quenching temperature (870-900 ℃) and low or medium temperature tempering are used for cold die, while high quenching temperature (950-1000 ℃) and high temperature tempering are used for hot die.

(3)压铸模用钢。从总体上看，压铸模用钢的使用性能要求与热挤压模用钢相近，即以要求高的回火稳定性与高的热疲劳抗力为主。所以通常所选用的钢种大体上与热挤模用钢相同.如常采用4CrW2Si.和3Cr2W8V等钢。但又有所不同如对熔点较低Zn合金压铸模.可选用40Cr、30CrMnSi及40CrMo等；对Al和Mg合金压铸模，可选用4CrW2Si、4Cr5MoSiV等对Cu合金压铸模.多采用3Cr2W8V钢。

(3) Die casting die steel. Generally speaking, the performance requirements of die casting die steel are similar to that of hot extrusion die steel, that is, high tempering stability and high thermal fatigue resistance are the main requirements. Therefore, the steel grade usually used is basically the same as that for hot extrusion die, such as 4crw2si. And 3Cr2W8V. For example, 40Cr, 30CrMnSi and 40CrMo can be used for Zn alloy die casting die with lower melting point; for Al and Mg alloy die casting die, 4crw2si and 4Cr5MoSiV can be used; for Cu alloy die casting die, 3Cr2W8V steel is mostly used.

近年来.随着黑色金属压铸工艺的应用，多采用高熔点的铝合金和镍合金.或者对3Cr2W8V钢进行Cr-Al-SI三元共渗，用以制造黑色金属压铸模。国内外还正在试验采用高强度的铜合金作黑色金属的压铸模材料。

In recent years, with the application of ferrous metal die-casting process, high melting point aluminum alloy and nickel alloy are often used, or Cr Al Si ternary infiltration is carried out on 3Cr2W8V steel to make ferrous metal die-casting die. At home and abroad, high strength copper alloy is also being used as die casting die material for ferrous metal.